关于铁人三项的文章
各位师兄有没有关于铁人三项的文章呢？ 小弟以前是搞长跑的，所以对有氧耐力训练和体能训练方面都很关注，希望能从各位师兄那里多学点东西。小弟先谢了！[[i] 本帖最后由 bing2008 于 2008-8-2 03:10 PM 编辑 [/i]] 好的，回来给你找 Eur J Appl Physiol. 2008 Jun 12. [Epub ahead of print]
Recovery after an Ironman triathlon: sustained inflammatory responses and muscular stress.
Neubauer O, König D, Wagner KH.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
Ultra-endurance exercise, such as an Ironman triathlon, induces muscle damage and a systemic inflammatory response. As the resolution of recovery in these parameters is poorly documented, we investigated indices of muscle damage and systemic inflammation in response to an Ironman triathlon and monitored these parameters 19 days into recovery. Blood was sampled from 42 well-trained male triathletes 2 days before, immediately after, and 1, 5 and 19 days after an Ironman triathlon. Blood samples were analyzed for hematological profile, and plasma values of myeloperoxidase (MPO), polymorphonuclear (PMN) elastase, cortisol, testosterone, creatine kinase (CK) activity, myoglobin, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Immediately post-race there were significant (P < 0.001) increases in total leukocyte counts, MPO, PMN elastase, cortisol, CK activity, myoglobin, IL-6, IL-10 and hs-CRP, while testosterone significantly (P < 0.001) decreased compared to prerace. With the exception of cortisol, which decreased below prerace values (P < 0.001), these alterations persisted 1 day post-race (P < 0.001; P < 0.01 for IL-10). Five days post-race CK activity, myoglobin, IL-6 and hs-CRP had decreased, but were still significantly (P < 0.001) elevated. Nineteen days post-race most parameters had returned to prerace values, except for MPO and PMN elastase, which had both significantly (P < 0.001) decreased below prerace concentrations, and myoglobin and hs-CRP, which were slightly, but significantly higher than prerace. Furthermore, significant relationships between leukocyte dynamics, cortisol, markers of muscle damage, cytokines and hs-CRP after the Ironman triathlon were noted. This study indicates that the pronounced initial systemic inflammatory response induced by an Ironman triathlon declines rapidly. However, a low-grade systemic inflammation persisted until at least 5 days post-race, possibly reflecting incomplete muscle recovery. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2007 Jul;6(4):241-8.
Nutritional recommendations for competing in the Ironman triathlon.
铁人三项运动的营养建议
Robins A.
School of Community, Health Sciences and Social Care, University of Salford, Salford, UK. [email]A.Robins@salford.ac.uk[/email]
The Ironman triathlon is an ultraendurance event that requires specific training and individually tailored nutritional practice. Carbohydrate depletion and dehydration are likely causes of fatigue, yet hyponatremia has been highlighted as a major concern during such events. As a consequence, triathletes are recommended to evaluate fluid losses during practice sessions and develop personal fluid replacement programs to ensure fluid balance. With regard to dietary preparation there are new methods of glycogen supercompensation, recommendations for improving fat oxidation while maintaining endogenous glycogen stores, and evidence aligned to the benefit of consuming combined carbohydrate intake during the race to increase exogenous carbohydrate oxidation rates. Although this review evaluates recent findings in order to make nutritional recommendations, it requires, at times, the generalization from a variety of endurance/ultraendurance studies. This highlights the need for further research within the triathlete population in order that future recommendations are sport-specific and therefore more reliable. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2006 Oct;16(5):545-58.
Awareness and use of caffeine by athletes competing at the 2005 Ironman Triathlon World Championships.
Desbrow B, Leveritt M.
School of Public Health and Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
This study assessed the knowledge, prevalence, and quantity of caffeine use by athletes competing at the 2005 Ironman Triathlon World Championships. Caffeine-related questionnaires were self-administered to 140 (105 male and 35 female, 40.3 +/- 10.7 y) athletes representing 16 countries. Fifty of these athletes further consented to immediate post-race blood samples for analysis of plasma caffeine and paraxanthine using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Seventy-two percent of 70 athletes correctly identified caffeine as being an unrestricted substance in triathlon. The majority of athletes [125 (89%)] were planning on using a caffeinated substance immediately prior to or throughout the race. Cola drinks (78%), caffeinated gels (42%), coffee (usually pre-race) (37%), energy drinks (13%), and NoDoz tablets (9%) were the most popular caffeinated choices. Mean +/- standard deviation (and range) post race plasma caffeine and paraxanthine levels were 22.3 +/- 20 micromol/L (1.7 to 98.4) and 9.4 +/- 6 micromol/L (1.8 to 28.9), respectively. Seven athletes (14%) finished with plasma caffeine levels > or = 40 micromol/L. Plasma values from elite athletes did not differ from age group competitors. Despite the prevalence of its consumption and the training experience of this athletic group, over one quarter of athletes remained either confused or uninformed about caffeine's legality. Levels of plasma caffeine taken immediately post race indicated that athletes typically finish with quantities of caffeine that have been shown to improve endurance performance (i.e., approximately 20 micromol/L or a dose of > or = 3 mg/kg body weight). Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006 Apr;38(4):726-34.
Dynamic pacing strategies during the cycle phase of an Ironman triathlon.
Abbiss CR, Quod MJ, Martin DT, Netto KJ, Nosaka K, Lee H, Surriano R, Bishop D, Laursen PB.
School of Exercise, Biomedical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia. [email]c.abbiss@ecu.edu.au[/email]
INTRODUCTION: A nonlinear dynamic systems model has previously been proposed to explain pacing strategies employed during exercise. PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine the pacing strategies used under varying conditions during the cycle phase of an Ironman triathlon. METHODS: The bicycles of six well-trained male triathletes were equipped with SRM power meters set to record power output, cadence, speed, and heart rate. The flat, three-lap, out-and-back cycle course, coupled with relatively consistent wind conditions (17-30 km x h(-1)), enabled comparisons to be made between three consecutive 60-km laps and relative wind direction (headwind vs tailwind). RESULTS: Participants finished the cycle phase (180 km) with consistently fast performance times (5 h, 11 +/- 2 min; top 10% of all finishers). Average power output (239 +/- 25 to 203 +/- 20 W), cadence (89 +/- 6 to 82 +/- 8 rpm), and speed (36.5 +/- 0.8 to 33.1 +/- 0.8 km x h(-1)) all significantly decreased with increasing number of laps (P < 0.05). These variables, however, were not significantly different between headwind and tailwind sections. The deviation (SD) in power output and cadence did not change with increasing number of laps; however, the deviations in torque (6.8 +/- 1.6 and 5.8 +/- 1.3 N x m) and speed (2.1 +/- 0.5 and 1.6 +/- 0.3 km x h(-1)) were significantly greater under headwind compared with tailwind conditions, respectively. The median power frequency tended to be lower in headwind (0.0480 +/- 0.0083) compared with tailwind (0.0531 +/- 0.0101) sections. CONCLUSION: These data show evidence that a nonlinear dynamic pacing strategy is used by well-trained triathletes throughout various segments and conditions of the Ironman cycle phase. Moreover, an increased variation in torque and speed was found in the headwind versus the tailwind condition. Core temperature and hydration status during an Ironman triathlon.
Laursen PB, Suriano R, Quod MJ, Lee H, Abbiss CR, Nosaka K, Martin DT, Bishop D.
School of Exercise, Biomedical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia. [email]p.laursen@ecu.edu.au[/email]
BACKGROUND: Numerous laboratory based studies have documented that aggressive hydration strategies (approximately 1-2 litres/h) are required to minimise a rise in core temperature and minimise the deleterious effects of hyperthermia on performance. However, field data on the relations between hydration level, core body temperature, and performance are rare. OBJECTIVE: To measure core temperature (Tcore) in triathletes during a 226 km Ironman triathlon, and to compare Tcore with markers of hydration status after the event. Method: Before and immediately after the 2004 Ironman Western Australia event (mean (SD) ambient temperature 23.3 (1.9) degrees C (range 19-26 degrees C) and 60 (14)% relative humidity (44-87%)) body mass, plasma concentrations of sodium ([Na+]), potassium ([K+]), and chloride ([Cl-]), and urine specific gravity were measured in 10 well trained triathletes. Tcore was measured intermittently during the event using an ingestible pill telemetry system, and heart rate was measured throughout. RESULTS: Mean (SD) performance time in the Ironman triathlon was 611 (49) minutes; heart rate was 143 (9) beats/min (83 (6)% of maximum) and Tcore was 38.1 (0.3) degrees C. Body mass significantly declined during the race by 2.3 (1.2) kg (-3.0 (1.5)%; p < 0.05), whereas urine specific gravity significantly increased (1.011 (0.005) to 1.0170 (0.008) g/ml; p < 0.05) and plasma [Na+], [K+], and [Cl-] did not change. Changes in body mass were not related to finishing Tcore (r = -0.16), plasma [Na+] (r = 0.31), or urine specific gravity (r = -0.37). CONCLUSION: In contrast with previous laboratory based studies examining the influence of hypohydration on performance, a body mass loss of up to 3% was found to be tolerated by well trained triathletes during an Ironman competition in warm conditions without any evidence of thermoregulatory failure. Sodium supplementation is not required to maintain serum sodium concentrations during an Ironman triathlon.
Hew-Butler TD, Sharwood K, Collins M, Speedy D, Noakes T.
University of Cape Town, Newlands, Cape Town, South Africa. [email]thew@sports.uct.ac.za[/email]
CONTEXT: Critical assessment of recommendations that athletes consume additional sodium during athletic events. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if sodium supplementation is necessary to maintain serum sodium concentrations during prolonged endurance activity and prevent the development of hyponatraemia. DESIGN: Prospective randomised trial of athletes receiving sodium (620 mg table salt), placebo (596 mg starch), or no supplementation during a triathlon. The sodium and placebo tablets were taken ad libitum, with the suggested range of 1-4 per hour. SETTING: The 2001 Cape Town Ironman triathlon (3.8 km swim, 180 km cycle, 42.2 km run). SUBJECTS: A total of 413 triathletes completing the Ironman race. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Sodium supplementation was not necessary to maintain serum sodium concentrations in athletes completing an Ironman triathlon nor required to prevent hyponatraemia from occurring in athletes who did not ingest supplemental sodium during the race. RESULTS: Subjects in the sodium supplementation group ingested an additional 3.6 (2.0) g (156 (88) mmol) sodium during the race (all values are mean (SD)). There were no significant differences between the sodium, placebo, and no supplementation groups with regard to age, finishing time, serum sodium concentration before and after the race, weight before the race, weight change during the race, and rectal temperature, systolic and diastolic blood pressure after the race. The sodium supplementation group consumed 14.7 (8.3) tablets, and the placebo group took 15.8 (10.1) tablets (p = 0.55; NS). CONCLUSIONS: Ad libitum sodium supplementation was not necessary to preserve serum sodium concentrations in athletes competing for about 12 hours in an Ironman triathlon. The Institute of Medicine's recommended daily adequate intake of sodium (1.5 g/65 mmol) seems sufficient for a healthy person without further need to supplement during athletic activity. Growth hormone 1 (GH1) gene and performance and post-race rectal temperature during the South African Ironman triathlon.
Walpole B, Noakes TD, Collins M.
UCT/MRC Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
BACKGROUND: Some studies have suggested that the insertion allele of the ACE gene is associated with endurance performance, including the Ironman triathlon. It is possible that this association is due to genetic linkage between the ACE I/D locus and the T/A variant in intron 4 of the neighbouring GH1 gene. The A variant is associated with lower levels of growth hormone production. Growth hormone has multiple effects, especially on metabolism during exercise and recovery from exercise. Its production during exercise has also been shown to stimulate sweat rate and heat loss. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the GH1 gene is associated with the performance and/or post-race rectal temperatures of competitors in the South African Ironman triathlon. METHODS: A total of 169 of the fastest finishing white male triathletes who completed the 2000 and/or 2001 South African Ironman triathlon and 155 control subjects were genotyped for the T/A variant in the GH1 gene. Post-race rectal temperature was also determined in 103 of these triathletes. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the frequency of this polymorphism in the GH1 gene when the fastest finishing triathletes were compared with the control subjects. Post-race rectal temperatures were, however, significantly higher in those triathletes with an AA genotype (mean (SD) 37.7 (0.8) degrees C) compared with those with a TT genotype (37.2 (0.8) degrees C) (p = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS: The T/A polymorphism in intron 4 of the GH1 gene was not associated with performance of the fastest finishers of the South African Ironman triathlon. Post-race rectal temperatures were, however, significantly higher in the fastest finishing athletes, who were homozygous for a GH1 genotype associated with lower growth hormone production. Weight changes, medical complications, and performance during an Ironman triathlon.
Sharwood KA, Collins M, Goedecke JH, Wilson G, Noakes TD.
UCT/MRC Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, P O Box 115, Newlands 7725, Cape Town, South Africa. [email]sharwood@sports.uct.ac.za[/email]
BACKGROUND: Subjects exercising without fluid ingestion in desert heat terminated exercise when the total loss in body weight exceeded 7%. It is not known if athletes competing in cooler conditions with free access to fluid terminate exercise at similar levels of weight loss. OBJECTIVES: To determine any associations between percentage weight losses during a 224 km Ironman triathlon, serum sodium concentrations and rectal temperatures after the race, and prevalence of medical diagnoses. METHODS: Athletes competing in the 2000 and 2001 South African Ironman triathlon were weighed on the day of registration and again immediately before and immediately after the race. Blood pressure and serum sodium concentrations were measured at registration and immediately after the race. Rectal temperatures were also measured after the race, at which time all athletes were medically examined. Athletes were assigned to one of three groups according to percentage weight loss during the race. RESULTS: Body weight was significantly (p<0.0001) reduced after the race in all three groups. Serum sodium concentrations were significantly (p<0.001) higher in athletes with the greatest percentage weight loss. Rectal temperatures were the same in all groups, with only a weak inverse association between temperature and percentage weight loss. There were no significant differences in diagnostic indices of high weight loss or incidence of medical diagnoses between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Large changes in body weight during a triathlon were not associated with a greater prevalence of medical complications or higher rectal temperatures but were associated with higher serum sodium concentrations. Postural control in athletes participating in an ironman triathlon.
Nagy E, Toth K, Janositz G, Kovacs G, Feher-Kiss A, Angyan L, Horvath G.
Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Szeged, Temesvari krt. 31, 6726 Szeged, Hungary.
We studied the degree of dependence on vision of static postural control among ten male adult ironmen and ten healthy subjects (firemen, control group) who took part in regular physical activity, and the perturbations of equilibrium after prolonged exercise in ironmen. Static postural stability was measured during standing on a single-force platform alternating between eyes open and eyes closed. First, body sway was analysed on a force plate in both groups, and the athletes then took part in an ironman triathlon. The measurement was repeated after the race. The sway in both directions was subjected to spectral analysis. The frequency spectrum of the platform oscillations was calculated by fast Fourier transformation in the intervals 0-0.3, 0.3-1 and 1-3 Hz. The sway path in both directions and the total path were significantly lower in the ironmen than in the control group without vision, and the absence of visual control caused a significant increase in sway in both directions in the control group, but not in the ironmen. The frequency analysis revealed a higher level of stability in the medio-lateral direction with closed eyes. The endurance race caused increases in both the total sway path only with closed eyes, and these changes were significant at higher frequency bands. These results indicate that ironmen are more stable and less dependent on vision for postural control than the control subjects, and the prolonged stimulation of the proprioceptive, vestibular and visual inputs in the endurance race causes a significant disturbance in postural control. No evidence of sustained myocardial injury following an Ironman distance triathlon.
La Gerche A, Boyle A, Wilson AM, Prior DL.
Cardiac Investigation Unit, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Fitzroy 3065, Australia.
We aimed to determine whether an Ironman distance triathlon resulted in sustained myocardial injury detected by electrocardiography, biochemical markers or echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular systolic and diastolic function. Electrocardiograms, blood for analysis of creatine kinase (CK) and its MB fraction, cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and echocardiograms were obtained in 15 male athletes prior to and at a mean of 4.7 days after competing in the Australian Ironman Triathlon. Regional wall motion scores, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and mitral inflow parameters were determined from the echocardiograms by a blinded investigator. Levels of cTnI were undetectable in all athletes and total CK was mildly elevated in 7/15 athletes prior to the event. Baseline wall motion, ejection fraction and diastolic filling were normal in all athletes. CK levels were increased post-race (p < 0.05) with a mean post-race level of 451U/l. Levels of cTnI were undetectable post-race in 14 athletes with a level of 0.9 microg/l recorded in one athlete, although all were within the laboratory's normal range for the assay. Mitral inflow parameters and LVEF did not change post-race and regional wall motion was normal in 14 of 15 athletes. Regional wall motion abnormalities detected in 1 athlete had resolved by 25 days post-race. These findings indicate that ultraendurance exercise does not result in sustained myocardial injury in this group of elite athletes. Weight changes, sodium levels, and performance in the South African Ironman Triathlon.
Sharwood K, Collins M, Goedecke J, Wilson G, Noakes T.
UCT/MRC Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Sports Science Institute of South Africa, South Africa. [email]sharwood@sports.uct.ac.za[/email]
OBJECTIVE: To establish relationships between body weight changes and serum sodium during and after an Ironman Triathlon, and postrace fluid status and rectal temperature, including the incidence of hyponatremia. DESIGN: Descriptive research. SETTING: The 2000 South African Ironman Triathlon, in which each athlete swam 3.8 km, cycled 180 km, and ran 42.2 km. PARTICIPANTS: All entrants in the race were invited to participate in the study. METHODS: Athletes were weighed at registration, immediately prerace, immediately postrace, and 12 hours later. Blood samples were drawn at registration and immediately postrace. Rectal temperatures were measured postrace. RESULTS: Starting body weight was significantly related to total finishing time (r = 0.27) and to cycling (r = 0.20) and running (r = 0.28) time. Body weight decreased significantly (p < 0.0001) during the race and had not returned to prerace values 12 hours later (p < 0.0001). Percentage change in body weight was unrelated to postrace rectal temperatures and inversely related to the postrace serum sodium concentrations (r = -0.45). Postrace serum sodium concentrations fell within a normal distribution (141.8 +/- 3.1 mmol.L(-1), mean +/- SD) and were negatively correlated to overall triathlon time (r = -0.22). Three sodium values (0.6%) were below 135 mmol.L(-1). Percentage change in body weight was unrelated to time in the marathon leg. CONCLUSIONS: Percentage change in body weight was linearly related to postrace serum sodium concentrations but unrelated to postrace rectal temperature or performance in the marathon. There was no evidence that in this study, more severe levels of weight loss or dehydration were related to either higher body temperatures or impaired performance. Relationship of exercise test variables to cycling performance in an Ironman triathlon.
Laursen PB, Rhodes EC, Langill RH, McKenzie DC, Taunton JE.
School of Human Moement Studies, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. [email]plaursen@hms.uq.edu.au[/email]
The purpose of this study was, firstly, to investigate the intensity of exercise performance of highly trained ultra-endurance triathletes during the cycling portion of an Ironman triathlon, and, secondly, to examine the anaerobic threshold and its relationship to this performance. Following a peak oxygen consumption (VO(2peak)) test on a cycle ergometer to determine the heart rate (HR(Th,vent)) and power output (PO(Th,vent)) at the ventilatory threshold (Th(vent)), 11 highly trained male triathletes [mean (SEM) age 35.8 (1.6) years, body fat 11.7 (1.2)%. VO(2peak) 67.5 (1.0) ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)] who were participating in an Ironman triathlon, in random order: (1) cycled at their PO(Th,vent) (Bi(Th,vent)) until they were exhausted, and (2) cycled for 5 h at a self-selected intensity (Bi(SSI)). Cycling power output (PO), oxygen uptake (VO(2)), heart rate (HR) and blood lactate concentration ([La(-)](b)) were recorded at regular intervals during these trials, while performance HR was recorded during the cycling phase of the Ironman triathlon. Significantly greater (P < 0.05) values were attained during Bi(Th,vent) than during Bi(SSI) for PO [274 (9) compared to 188 (9) W], VO(2) [3.61 (0.15) compared to 2.64 (0.09) l x min(-1)], and [La(-)](b) [6.7 (0.8) compared to 2.8 (0.4) mmol x l(-1)]. Moreover, mean HR during the Ironman triathlon cycle phase [146.3 (2.4) beats.min(-1); n=7] was significantly greater than mean HR during Bi(SSI) [130 (4) beats x min(-1)], and significantly less than mean HR during Bi(Th,vent) [159 (3) beats x min(-1); all P < 0.05]. However, HR during the cycle portion of the Ironman triathlon was highly related to (r = 0.873; P < 0.05) and not significantly different to HR(Th,vent) [150 (4) beats x min(-1)]. These data suggest that ultra-endurance triathletes cycle during the Ironman triathlon at a HR intensity that approximates to HR(Th,vent), but at a PO that is significantly below PO(Th,vent). Energy balance during an ironman triathlon in male and female triathletes.
Kimber NE, Ross JJ, Mason SL, Speedy DB.
Department of Human Biology and Nutritional Sciences at the University of Guelph, ON, Canada.
Energy balance of 10 male and 8 female triathletes participating in an Ironman event (3.8-km swim, 180-km cycle, 42.2-km run) was investigated. Energy intake (EI) was monitored at 7 designated points by dietary recall of food and fluid consumption. Energy expenditure (EE) during cycling and running was calculated using heart rate-VO, regression equations and during swimming by the multiple regression equation: Y = 3.65v+ 0.02W- 2.545 where Yis VO,in L x min(-1), v is the velocity in m s(-1), Wis the body weight in kilograms. Total EE (10,036 +/- 931 and 8,570 +/- 1,014 kcal) was significantly greater than total EI (3,940 +/- 868 and 3,115 +/- 914 kcal, p <.001) for males and females, respectively, although energy balance was not different between genders. Finishing time was inversely related to carbohydrate (CHO) intake (g x kg(-1) x h(-1)) during the marathon run for males (r = -.75,p <.05), and not females, suggesting that increasing CHO ingestion during the run may have been a useful strategy for improving Ironman performance in male triathletes. ltraviolet exposure in the Ironman triathlon.
Moehrle M.
Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, Germany. [email]matthias.moehrle@med.uni-tuebingen.de[/email]
PURPOSE: Skin cancer is increasing worldwide and exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is thought to be the most important environmental risk factor. People practicing outdoor sports are exposed to considerable amounts of UV radiation from the sun. METHODS: Three triathletes participated in the Ironman Triathlon World Championships 1999 in Hawaii (3.9-km swim, 180.2-km bike, 42.4-km run). They attached Bacillus subtilis spore film dosimeters (VioSpor) on the back between their shoulders. The dosimeter system measured cumulative biologically weighted erythemal UV exposure. UV exposure is given in minimal erythema doses (1 MED corresponds to 250 J x m(-2) at 298 nm). RESULTS: The mean personal UV exposure was 8.3 MED (6.9--9.7 MED) after 8:43 to 9:44 h of competition corresponding to 0.8 to 1.3 MED x h(-1) (bike and run). The athletes were sunburned despite the use of water-resistant sunscreen (SPF 25+) on sun exposed skin. CONCLUSION: The International Radiation Protection Agency has issued guidelines for professional UV exposure. Ironman triathletes considerably exceeded these limits of exposure similar to other outdoor sports. Professional and amateur athletes should be aware of hazards caused by UV radiation. Adequate protection by water-resistant sunscreens and clothing as well as training and competition schedules with low sun exposure seem to be a reasonable recommendation. 谢谢师兄，我对运动训练学与体能训练也是非常感兴趣，所以以后也想多研究研究，所以想与师兄取得联系，能加我QQ30995792吗？谢谢师兄 我是今年9月要去天津体育学院读研的
是否能介绍一些原文
近来的文章多为摘要，信息量固然是大了，但如果有原文，对于初学者更能明白其中的研究过程和具体的操作，借鉴性可能会更大，毕竟我们学习的不是结果。辛苦了！回复 18# hywu 的帖子
嗯非常不错的建议，我会不定期搜集一些优秀的文章，大家可以一块看看了。
感谢支持啊！
回复 17# 唐贺 的帖子
朝自己喜欢的方向发展非常好，研究生初期最好多阅读自己喜欢领域的文献资料了。然后和导师商量找一个自己论文的方向就最好了，加油！页:
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